How can I fix/use a laptop with a broken screen?

well you could connect an external monitor to the laptop and see if that works, the LCD can be replaced with an ebay purchase, if you can find the service manual to walk you through the repair (need make model to find out if is available)

You would need to tear the laptop down and look inside to figure out what the extent of damage to the machine. More than likely it's a lost cause without replacing the motherboard. Beyond that is anyone's guess without having it in front of them to test.

The fact that it turns on at all is pretty lucky, but do not assume that the internal components are still good. Slamming the laptop on the ground as described can cause things to come loose and possibly break off.

To really asses what damage may or may not have been done will require opening up the chassis and inspect everything. You can look up the instructions for your device on the internet, and sometimes you may even find a youtube vid to guide you.

If you are comfortable doing it, then see if you can re-seat any internal components on the mother board. If there are any ribbon cables, make sure you know what you are doing (again, check youtube for video guides), and make sure things like the heatsync/cooler for the cpu is properly secured.

Even if you do everything right, there is no guarantee that you have fixed it. If you cant find any breaks or loose components to re-seat, and you still get to only turn it on intermittently, then you may need to take it for service. More than likely, the warranty is void since it was intentionally slammed by the original owner, and you will be charged a fee just to even run diagnostics by whomever you take it too.

LOL. You are looking for TERMINATOR technology, the smart goes in there the re-route itself around the hardware break... unfortunately that technology is still in the movies.

I also forgot to mention that the fans are at max load and are really loud when i turn it on (its also warm/hot)

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Fan loud at boot not unusual, but normally it shouldn't get hot that quickly.

I am really sorry, if you have to ask all these questions, you may not be able to fix this thing yourself, nor really can you have us fix this for you remotely. That's like you are trying to operate somebody in a distance desert and you call a doctor over the phone and ask him, "how to I open the heart again?" it only works in movies.

There is no software like what you are asking. If the device can not turn on, then software is not the problem. The problem is hardware, as you stated originally this thing was slammed down in a fit of rage.

Just because you dont see any internal damage, doesnt mean it isnt there. Components are soldered to multi-layered boards that can not take much stress. Capacitors can break off, the CPU might have been partially dislodged, and the mainboard could have been flexed in such a way that soldered connections have been broken apart.

If you can not tell from visual inspection, then you need to take this to a pro that can properly diagnose the issue. I know you dont want to shell out any money, but you were given a device that was severely damaged. The original owner probably gave it to you because he knew that it wasnt worth repairing. So you need to prepare yourself for that possibility.