(Error 43) Nvidia GeForce GTX 870M Graphics Card malfunctioning

From your recommendation, I have tried the four most popular steps from your recommended links and from Google searching the error message myself.

1. Uninstall Lucid VIRTU MVP 2.0 software:
This software is not installed on my notebook.

2. Go into Device Manager. Find the faulty display adaptor. Manually update the software to another version from the list provided:
After applying this fix and restarting the notebook, the error message still shows and the problem remains unsolved.

3. Instead of manually updating the faulty display adaptor from Device Manager, uninstall the adaptor and click "scan for hardware changes":
The same adaptor, with the same error message, returned almost immediately after applying this fix.

4. Rather than "scan for hardware changes" after uninstalling the faulty display adaptor, restart the machine and it should reinstall the adaptor properly:
The Device Manager only shows "Microsoft Basic Display Adaptor" for the first two minutes after restarting. After I updated the software and "scanned for hardware changes" (solutions 2 and 3 respectively from this list), the original error message returned with the original name of the display adaptor [Nvidia GeForce GTX 870M].

Thanks for the advice. I should have tried this straight away. Additionally, I have also used DDU to uninstall the drivers on my system and, after restarting, reinstalled the latest Nvidia drivers from the official Nvidia website. The problem remains unsolved.

It does seem that this is the most likely possibility; however, Is there any way I can be more certain that the card is defective? What ways can you recommend to confirm this?

Thanks for finding this link. I will report back when I have gone through all of the hardware steps. It'll take some time, sadly, as I'll need to find somebody with a compatible device to test the graphics card on.