Yep as sizzling said, while the CX is unlikely to become a hazard (at least not an explosion-grade hazard) to other components, it'd be best if you replaced it before putting in a high performance card. And as otherwise mentioned, unless you need CUDA for something else, there is absolutely no valid reason to not get something like a Fury X instead since it's a better card in more ways than one.
Raw performance was practically the same between 980 Ti and Fury X on launch (Fury X coming out on top in some instances, 980 Ti in others) but since then new drivers and DX12's Async Compute feature (which is not universally adopted but may become more widespread when Pascal and Polaris come out) has given pretty much all non-ancient AMD cards a performance boost (the stronger the card the bigger the boost).
And the "nvidia has better drivers" and "developers favor nvidia" arguments are both practically myths. There's pretty much just as many games where AMD comes out on top, and while nVidia has historically been quicker to fix driver issues, they are not immune to screw-ups (see recent driver update screwing up nVidia systems and the "fix" not fixing much at all).
tl;dr Unless you need CUDA for programming/rendering/whatever there's no logical reason to get a 980 Ti over a Fury X.